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Design strategies to minimise heating and cooling demands for passive houses under changing climate
Panel: 5. Buildings and construction technologies and systems
This is a peer-reviewed paper.
Authors:
Uniben Yao Ayikoe Tettey, Linnaeus University - Built Environment and Energy Technology, Sweden
Ambrose Dodoo, Linnaeus University
Faculty of Technology, Dept. of Built Environment & Energy Technology, Sweden
Leif Gustavsson, Linnaeus University
Faculty of Technology, Dept. of Built Environment & Energy Technology, Sweden
Abstract
Buildings contribute significantly to climate change through greenhouse gas emissions from building related activities. Average temperature over the European land area for the decade 2002–2011 is 1.3 °C above that for the period 1850-1899. In Sweden, projections for year 2100 show annual average temperature rise of 2-6 °C compared to the average for 1961-1990 with the biggest changes occurring in winter. Climate change may affect thermal performance of buildings. Design strategies for buildings must therefore consider effective adaptation measures for future climates besides having low climate impact themselves. In this study, we analyse the impact of climate change on heating and cooling demands of a 6-storey concrete frame building in Southern Sweden and design and assess various strategies to minimise these demands under different climate scenarios. We perform hour-by-hour dynamic energy balance modelling of the building to the current Swedish passive house criteria for recent (1996-2005) and future climates (2050-2059 and 2090-2099, respectively). The climate scenarios are based on the representative concentration pathways 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5 and downscaled to conditions in South of Sweden. Design strategies include building orientation, window size and properties, solar shading, airing of building with bypass of heat recovery unit, extreme electricity-efficient appliances and lighting, besides mechanical cooling. We calculate the primary energy implications of the different strategies, assuming the building is heated by a district-heating system with cogeneration. Results show that space heating demand reduces, while cooling demand increases as the risk of overheating under the climate scenarios. However, overheating risk could be minimised by combination of appropriate design strategies with minor increase of primary energy use. The most important design strategies are solar shading, orientation and window size and electricity-efficient appliances and lighting.
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Panels of
1. Foundations of future energy policy
2. Policy: governance, design, implementation and evaluation challenges
4. Mobility, transport, and smart and sustainable cities
5. Buildings and construction technologies and systems
6. Buildings policies, directives and programmes
7. Appliances, products, lighting and ICT
8. Monitoring and evaluation: building confidence and enhancing practices